Sergey, in your opinion, the government effectively opposed the financial crisis? Government's anti-crisis strategy includes a huge number of concrete measures and decisions that I would have priced separately and very differently. On the one hand, there are lots of really useful and necessary for our country's actions during the crisis. First of all, it's support to Russian enterprises, which allowed to keep thousands of jobs. Placement of state orders, through which again began to work almost stopped plants. Program restructuring mortgages for those who lost their jobs or a substantial part of earnings. But on the other hand, at the same time there are things that I personally would do quite differently. In my opinion, reduce the tax burden on businesses would make it infinitely more impact if it affected the VAT and UST. Reduction of income tax at a time when businesses incur losses - a moral stimulus, and to raise investment and production incentives, is needed tangible and significant. Or, say, support the banking system. It must be linked to mandatory and strict requirements - that these funds went to credit the real sector, especially in the modernization program, on innovation, and on available for enterprise environments. Say, refinancing, plus 3 percentage points. And finally, something with which I disagree strongly, and what we are having a long discussion with the financial authorities: monetary policy. Many countries now try their best to facilitate the access of economic agents to financial resources. Increase the volume of lending, public finance, lower interest rates, so that they in some states have already come very close to zero. We have the same central bank refinancing rate was high before the crisis, and during the crisis she had repeatedly raised. Lending volumes are declining. As a result, enterprises are difficult to obtain loans, but their value is such that the return on investment is almost impossible. Such an expensive loan can be taken either to somehow, even with a loss, but to survive, or simply known him not to return. Neither of which the rise of production, nor of any of its modernization in these credit terms and can be no question. You mentioned support for Russian companies with state funds, but whether the funds reach the target audience? While most businesses are in a coma, from banks to credit funds received happily handing out bonuses to top management. What is now happening with state aid to enterprises - just a waste of money. Look. Our faction in my native St. Petersburg three months ago took a special appeal to the chairman of the government to demand formally prohibit the payment of dividends and bonuses in establishments where more than 50% owned by the state. In this situation, millions of bonuses to Sberbank, VTB simply incorrect. Could bear. Do business. And when the whole country the situation to normal - please, for the excellent work for what you've saved the banking system, because you are quickly singled out loans, not spooked investors, helped the real sector - get their bonuses, and no objection will not be. And what happened to this appeal - arrived at its destination? None. We are "United Russia" is not supported. What state thinks to do with the inefficient management in large enterprises that much money nor give, it's not a horse feed? In such circumstances, help may be infinite, is not it better to take it under control? You are afraid of intelligent simple word "nationalization". But in England the word is not afraid. There once every 15 years is quietly nationalized coal industry, the railroads, led the company to order and re-sold into private hands. Absolutely normal market mechanism. I do not think this is okay and what's more, I think one of the most effective public policy instruments - especially at a time of crisis. Moreover, Putin, speaking recently in the State Duma, also spoke about it. If the state began to provide some kind of serious financial assistance to enterprises, it will be completely logical, if the state wants to then enter into his capital, to nationalize the assets. And it does not mean that the enterprise for the rest of life will remain government property. At public expense will be to modernize, to make management more effective, and I assure you, the hunters to buy then this company will be enough. So it will happen. Absolutely. And the beginning of this process, we've already seen. Which companies are in the front rank? It is known that state aid is chosen 295 enterprises. For instance, I wondered why there were some retailers who are already good life. Too well. In the absence of a law on trafficking, which is an urgent need to take, lording it as they want. No limits, absolute monopoly and dictate all the conditions. Mostly it concerns, of course, foreign retail chains. I am not going to say exactly what the enterprise will require government intervention in the first place. But most likely it will be companies from the list of 295. How to survive the rest? More and more companies are left without working capital ... Over the last six months of cash money supply M2 declined by 17%. This is a very dangerous trend. Quite clear that the monetary model of inflation, which is used by our financial power, does not work. Inflation is not caused by excess money supply and demand, it is not there. The main causes of inflation in general, but here and now, in Russia today - a total monopoly, outpacing the growth of regulated tariffs, which affect the costs of all enterprises, and the rise in imports due to the weakening of the ruble. That is inflation we do not have a spontaneous and man-made, and to a large extent, it is hands of the state itself, or with his connivance. Now in Russia we are dealing with a pronounced stagflation, that is a combination of economic recession and rising prices, which is a classic competitive market should not occur. Does not work the key principle of market economy, "demand creates supply." Because our monopolies do not pay attention to the demand for paying customers, and raise and raise prices, shifting all the economic problems on the shoulders of the consumer. This phenomenon is well studied, and it is known that a purely monetary methods of stagflation can not be cured. Need an active structural policy of the state. The state must clearly understand what is primary and what is secondary, and clearly act according to common sense. As the upper house of parliament can influence these "structural policy of the state?" The role of the Federation Council in formulating and implementing public policy is determined by the specificity of our chamber. Our main activities - work on the laws. We are regularly sent to the government their ideas and suggestions. The Federation Council as the legislature may prevent the passage of knowingly defective laws. Here is the latest example: we have rejected the law of the forms of payments for individuals (the draft law "On the activity to receive payments from individuals, carried out by payment agents" rejected by the Council of Federation of April 1 - "FM"). We have defrauded investors who have defrauded real estate investors, not enough has defrauded taxpayers. Now commonly available terminals, which can be paid for various services. The law, which made the State Duma and created excellent conditions for the emergence of companies such as "Barnyard," which would enter into contracts with banks to accept any payments from the population and thus would not be held accountable. No control over such companies, the law is not expected. Here in the State Duma deputy is named Medvedev (Pavel Medvedev - "F."). He is a member of the faction "United Russia". He strongly objected to this law. And the argument that such a law would allow impunity to make payments of any, even the illegal format, spent a fun experiment. In one of these terminals has made payment, and in the "form of payment," wrote a "bribe." The payment was fine. True, he only paid a hundred rubles. How about people losing their jobs? As recently stated the Minister of Health and Social Development Tatyana Golikova, unemployment will rise, and prices are meanwhile growing. Benefits - a tool of passive protection of people affected by the crisis. And we need an active anti-crisis policy, including in employment. Targeted job creation should become one of the main priorities of the anti-crisis strategy. And to this measure and solutions must be not only economic but also social support, and take into account the territorial balance of employment in specific regions and populations. Important, it is necessary direction of employment policy, I find the organization of public works. This experience is well known. During the Great Depression in 1930 in the United States willing to give all the work on road construction. For our country road problem is also very relevant, but this is not the only possibility. Repair and upgrading of utilities, system utilities, environmental work, land clearing, tidying up the housing stock - is it all for society, and it is real work for people. Earlier, in Soviet times, everyone knew that, if at all "priperlo, you can go to unload the wagons. There will not ask who you are and what will prove that you need support, but simply give the work and get paid. The family certainly did not go hungry. In today's environment, we too must not only create permanent jobs, but that's such an outlet, instantly accessible to everyone living in extreme case. In the near future to make the necessary decisions and to begin to invite all interested persons on public works. And in big cities and small, and in rural areas, taking into account the specifics of each locality, in conjunction with its municipalities. That every citizen, wherever he lived, he knew: his situation is not hopeless. If he wants to earn for his family, the state he must give such an opportunity. This should be done quickly, because many families have found themselves in a difficult situation. In France, workers who do not agree with their decline, taking hostage the top managers of enterprises and so solve the problem. How in Russia a great danger of loud social discontent? Nothing can be ruled out. State must be ready for any situation. However, a major national objective in the crisis - to anticipate, to do everything to bring people to the critical point. One thing I can say for sure: if somewhere something happens, usually because of bungling bureaucrats and local officials. Who sit in the big ivory towers and spit it on his own people. And if people take to the streets, only one goal - to be heard in Moscow. Honestly, I do not believe in big Russian revolt. I believe in common sense. I presume that people have a sober assessment of the situation. Recently removed four governors. This is a good bell. I assure you, now the governor is not a rare move. From the Amur region has recently come very positive news. Regional authorities have offered to pensioners to place on their balconies PSAs. Thousand rubles a month pay. And this is only one option, as the local authority can remove social tensions. This is the same example, when the authorities anticipate, do not wait, like a thunder clap, and the cross now. Unfortunately, enterprising people are not so much. I have a friend, Michael Puchkovsky, a member of A Just Russia. Very interesting man. He is the last 8 years working as a Head of Social Services Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. And it was very well aware of all social problems. Not so long ago by Peter and Paul, he created a collective farm "Unexpected Joy." Gathered from all over the Petropavlovsk homeless. Brought them to completely empty, long-abandoned village and said: "I give you my cows, goats, shovels, hoes, seeds, firewood. Money will not give. And they began to live there. Created association. First, all raised exclusively for themselves. Now grow vegetables and breed cattle for sale. They made sense of life. Brilliantly, I think. Need to give people a fishing rod, not fish for everyone. This is a basic tenet for the regional authorities. Especially in times of crisis.
No comments:
Post a Comment